Loss of smell tracked as early clue in coronavirus cases

Studies underway in Japan and US to find link, with WHO monitoring reports

MASAAKI DEMURA, Nikkei staff writerMARCH 28, 2020 07:20 JST

Loss of smell, and an ensuing loss of taste, have been reported in coronavirus patients who show few other symptoms.   © Reuters

TOKYO -- Loss of the ability to smell and taste can be an early sign of coronavirus infection, according to a growing number of reports from around the world.

https://asia.nikkei.com/Spotlight/Coronavirus/Loss-of-smell-tracked-as-early-clue-in-coronavirus-cases

Perfumes and Artificial Fragrances can Damage your Health

The scents all around us can trigger headaches and skin conditions 

From the inescapable cologne on a fellow train passenger to the diffuser sticks in our bathrooms and bedrooms, fragrances are all around us. They’re used to make us more attractive, to set a certain mood, and to mask natural odours - and they could be making us sick, according to a new book.

Friday 29 September 2017 

As many as one in three people experience symptoms including headaches, asthma and rashes due to a sensitivity to fragrances, according to research cited in The Case Against Fragrance by author Kate Grenville. A separate study in 2014 found that three quarters of women with migraines caused by odours said perfume was the lead cause. 

In the book, Grenville recalls how she was mesmerised by her mother’s perfumes as a child. But she was inspired to investigate the effects that artificials smells have on our health when she taped over the cracks in her hotel room doors to block the smell of diffusers in the corridor, fearing it would trigger a migraine.

What surprised her the most while researching the book was that almost all modern perfumes and scents are made using artificial chemicals, she told The Guardian in a recent interview. Perfume manufactures also don’t need to declare their ingredients as they are considered a trade secret: a minefield for those with allergies. 

In addition, the problems caused by natural essential oils that are the basis of many fragrances have toxic effects that have only recently been recognised, including how the properties which enable scents to travel can stimulate immune reactions, according to Ian Musgrave, a senior lecturer in pharmacology at the University of Adelaide writing for The Conversation.

B-damascenone, for instance, is a compound in rose essential oils and Kentucky bourbon which can cause allergic reactions in quantities larger than the average person would use, while  1,8-cineol - which gives eucalyptus its smell - can cause liver damage in vast quantities. 

“Read The Case Against Fragrance and you will never think about fragrance in the same way again. If you have been suffering fragrance in silence, you will know you are not alone,” writes Musgrave.

http://www.independent.co.uk/life-style/health-and-families/perfumes-artificial-fragrances-damage-health-headaches-breathing-kate-grenville-book-a7973491.html

The at-home Alzheimer’s test more effective than brain scans

When you’re on the lookout for the early stages of Alzheimer’s, there are a lot of signs you need to keep your eyes peeled for. Of course, the most obvious signs are ...

Jenny Smiechowski

When you’re on the lookout for the early stages of Alzheimer’s, there are a lot of signs you need to keep your eyes peeled for. Of course, the most obvious signs are changes in your mood and memory.

But there are also Alzheimer’s warning signs that are more unusual and unexpected… like falling a lot, losing your ability to detect sarcasm, picking up risky habits… or even losing your sense of smell.

In fact, a lot of people don’t know this, but your sense of smell is often the first sense to go when you’re in a downward spiral of cognitive decline… which means a simple smell test could be one of the most effective ways to predict your Alzheimer’s risk.

In a recent study, researchers from Columbia University found that a simple scratch and sniff smell test is a more effective early Alzheimer’s test (also known as mild cognitive impairment) than expensive MRI, CT or PET brain scans.

In the study, researchers used the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). It tested mild cognitive impairment sufferers’ ability to smell things like menthol, clove, leather, strawberry, lilac, pineapple, smoke, soap, natural gas and lemon.

Those who failed this Alzheimer’s test were much more likely to develop full-blown Alzheimer’s within four years of the study. But none of the people who did well on the test developed Alzheimer’s in those four years… not a single one of them. Researchers did MRI scans too, but they found that the smell test more accurately predicted Alzheimer’s risk down the road.

If you’ve been following Alzheimer’s studies in recent years, you probably don’t find these results shocking. There has, after all, been mounting evidence that early cognitive decline affects your sense of smell….

A few years ago, researchers at the University of Florida found that people in the early stages of Alzheimer’s couldn’t smell a spoonful of peanut butter held a short distance away from their nose. People without any cognitive impairments, of course, could. And, interestingly enough, so could people with other forms of dementia.

Another fascinating finding from this study was that people with early Alzheimer’s could smell better with their left nostril than their right nostril. And researchers said that this symptom is completely unique to early Alzheimer’s.

There was also a Mayo Clinic study a few years back that showed that seniors who performed poorly on a smell test were 2.2 times as likely to develop symptoms of mild cognitive impairment within three and a half years.

So if you’ve noticed your sense of smell isn’t quite up to par and you think cognitive decline could be the culprit, you may want to invest in the University of Pennsylvania Smell Identification Test (UPSIT). It’s available for purchase online. But you can also try this Alzheimer’s test at home with a jar of peanut butter. Just hold a spoonful of peanut butter about five inches away from your face. If you can smell it, you should be in the clear cognitively.

But whether you can smell the peanut butter or not, the most important thing is to take steps now to hold onto your brain health — and there are several proven ways to do that, including:

• Get plenty of omega-3 in your diet through food, supplements or both. Omega-3s act as your brain’s garbage men. They come in and haul out your brain’s waste, including the amyloid-beta peptides that cause the brain plaques that lead to Alzheimer’s.
• Take a daily probiotic. A recent study found that probiotics improved the cognitive abilities of men and women with Alzheimer’s within 12 weeks.
• Eat a nutrient-rich diet. If you don’t think you are eating all the Alzheimer’s fighting nutrients, supplement with these.
• Exercise. Research shows that to keep your brain you can’t stop using your body.

Sources:

1. “Smell Test May Predict Early Stages of Alzheimer’s Disease.” Columbia University Medical Center. http://newsroom.cumc.columbia.edu. Retrieved August 5, 2016.

2. “Smell Test Outperforms Brain Imaging In Predicting Dementia.” DoctorMurray.com. https://doctormurray.com/. Retrieved August 5, 2016.

http://easyhealthoptions.com/home-alzheimers-test-effective-brain-scans/