Too much of this vitamin may increase the risk of lung cancer in men

New research has found a link between taking high-dose long term supplementation of vitamins B6 and B12 and an increased risk of lung cancer in men.

SEPTEMBER 1, 2017

However, previously the supplements have been thought to reduce the risk of cancer, and have been long believed to be beneficial for health by increasing energy and improving metabolism, even used in high doses by some top athletes to help boost performance.

Carried out by a team from The Ohio State University Comprehensive Cancer Center – Arthur G. James Cancer Hospital and Richard J. Solove Research Institute (OSUCCC – James), Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center, and National Taiwan University, the research is the first prospective, observational study to look at the effect of taking high-dose B6 and B12 supplements long term on the risk of lung cancer.

For the study the team analysed data from 77,118 participants aged between 50 and 76 who were taking part in the VITamins And Lifestyle (VITAL) cohort study, designed to evaluate whether vitamin and mineral supplements can have an effect on the risk of cancer.

At the start of the study the participants were asked to report on their B-vitamin usage over the past 10 years, including information on the dosages they had taken – a vital but often overlooked detail.

After using statistical techniques which take into account other risk factors including smoking status, age, race, education, body size, alcohol consumption, personal history of cancer or chronic lung disease, family history of lung cancer and use of anti-inflammatory drugs, the team found that high doses of B6 and B12 were linked to a two- to four-fold increased lung cancer risk in men.

Risk of cancer higher for men who smoke

The risk of lung cancer was even higher for those who smoked and took more than 20 mg of B6 a day for 10 years, with these participants three times more likely to develop lung cancer, while male smokers taking more than 55 micrograms of B12 a day for 10 years were around four times more likely to develop the disease compared to non-users.

Smoking and vitamin B supplementation is a bad combo.

However, Theodore Brasky of the OSUCCC – James also pointed out that the findings are related to high doses of vitamin B supplements that are well above doses found in taking a multivitamin every day for 10 years.

More studies on vitamin B

Researchers at the The OSUCCC – James are also carrying out two further studies to research the link between B6 and B12 supplementation and lung cancer risk further, including examining whether associations can also be found in post-menopausal women, as current findings suggest that there is no elevated risk in women.

The findings can be found published online in the Journal Of Clinical Oncology. – AFP Relaxnews

http://www.star2.com/health/wellness/2017/09/01/vitamin-b-men-lung-cancer-risk/

Increased B vitamin intake and lower pancreatic cancer risk

Increased B vitamin intake associated with lower pancreatic cancer risk

February 5 2016

Researchers from the University of Pittsburg have uncovered an association between an increase in the intake of vitamin B6 and choline and a lower risk ofcancer of the pancreas. The findings were reported online on December 28, 2015 in the journal Cancer Epidemiology, Biomarkers & Prevention.

For the current investigation, J. Y. Huang and colleagues utilized data from the Singapore Chinese Health Study that enrolled 63,257 men and women between 1993 and 1998. Dietary questionnaire responses provided information on the intake of one-carbon metabolism-related nutrients, which include vitamins B2, B6 and B12, along with folate, choline and betaine (TMG). As of the end of 2013, 271 pancreatic cancer cases were identified over an average of 16.3 years of follow-up.

Among subjects whose intake of vitamin B6 was among the top 20% of participants, there was a 48% lower risk of developing pancreatic cancer in comparison with those whose intake was among the lowest 20%. For those whose choline intake was highest, the risk of pancreatic cancer was 33% lower.

As possible cancer-protective mechanisms for vitamin B6, the authors cite its role as a cofactor for enzymes involved in DNA synthesis and methylation pathways of one-carbon metabolism, as well as an ability to protect DNA from oxidative damage. In regard to choline, its role as a methyl donor may also help protect against pancreatic carcinogenesis. "To our knowledge, no epidemiological study has studied the relationship between dietary choline and pancreatic cancer risk," Dr Huang and associates announce.

They conclude that "Future studies are needed to study the underlying mechanisms of how vitamin B6 and choline, as well as other correlated one-carbon metabolism–related nutrients, may protect against the development of pancreatic cancer."

http://www.lifeextension.com/whatshot/2016/2/february-whats-hot-articles/page-01

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6 Good Reasons to Eat a Banana Today

Bananas are not only rich in vitamins and fibre, but are also fat-free and cholesterol-free.

This post is on Healthwise

Source: By Fadhlina Jasni for Health Xchange, with expert input from the Tiong Bahru Community Health Centre.

Ever wondered what goodness is in a banana? Other than being rich in vitamin B6, bananas are a good source ofvitamin C, dietary fibre and manganese. Bananas are also fat-free, cholesterol-free and virtually sodium-free. So what do these mean for your health?

Ms Peggy Tan, Dietitian, Tiong Bahru Community Health Centre explains why bananas are good for you and when you should eat them.

Health benefits of bananas

Bananas are one of the best fruit sources of vitamin B6

Vitamin B6 from bananas is easily absorbed by your body and a medium-sized banana can provide about a quarter of your daily vitamin B6 needs.

Vitamin B6 helps your body:

• produce red blood cells,
• metabolise carbohydrates and fats, turning them into energy,
• metabolise amino acids,
• remove unwanted chemicals from your liver and kidneys, and
• maintain a healthy nervous system.

Vitamin B6 is also good for pregnant women as it helps meet their baby’s development needs.

Bananas are respectable sources of vitamin C

You may not associate bananas with vitamin C but a medium-sized banana will provide about 10% of your daily vitamin C needs.

Vitamin C helps:

• protect your body against cell and tissue damage,
• your body absorb iron better,
• your body produce collagen - the protein which holds your skin, bones and body together, and
• support brain health by producing serotonin, a hormone that affects our sleep cycle, moods, and experiences of stress and pain.

Manganese in bananas is good for your skin

One medium-sized banana provides approximately 13% of your daily manganese needs. Manganese helps your body make collagen and protects your skin and other cells against free radical damage.

Potassium in bananas is good for your heart health and blood pressure

A medium-sized banana will provide around 320-400 mg of potassium, which meets about 10% of your daily potassium needs.

Potassium helps your body maintain a healthy heart and blood pressure. In addition, bananas are low in sodium. The low sodium and high potassium combination helps to control high blood pressure.

Bananas can aid digestion and help beat gastrointestinal issues

A medium banana will provide about 10-12% of your daily fibre needs. Singapore’s Health Promotion Board recommends a daily dietary fibre intake of 20g for women and 26g for men.

Soluble and insoluble fibres play an important role in your health. Soluble fibre helps your body control your blood sugar level and get rid of fatty substances such as cholesterol. Insoluble fibre adds weight and softness to stools, making it easier for you to have regular bowel movements.  This helps to keep your gut healthy and safe from harmful bacteria.

Bananas, especially newly-ripened ones, contain starch that does not digest (resistant starch) in your small intestine and is able to pass into the large intestine. Such bananas help you manage your weight better as you stay full for longer.

That said, bananas can help you beat gastrointestinal issues such as:

• constipation,
• Stomach ulcers, and
• heartburn

Bananas give you energy – minus the fats and cholesterol

Bananas contain three natural sugars – sucrose, fructose and glucose – giving you a fat and cholesterol-free source of energy. As such, bananas are ideal, especially for children and athletes, for breakfast, as a midday snack or before and after sports.

When is the best time to eat bananas?

The best time to eat bananas depends on your nutritional needs and preference.

Generally, the taste and nutritional value of bananas change as they ripen. Newly-ripened bananas tend to be less sweet than well ripened bananas because the starch hasn't fully broken down into simple sugars.

The upside to eating newly-ripened bananas is that you stay full for longer and enjoy the benefits of the resistant starch therein.

On the other hand, a well-ripened banana with some dark patches on the skin is easier to digest and may give you the energy boost you require before playing sports.

Can everyone eat bananas?

Some medical conditions can result in people having a high level of potassium in the blood. In that case, it will be wise to refrain from taking bananas.

And contrary to popular belief, a person with diabetes can eat bananas as long as the carbohydrate contents are accounted for.

 -----

Article contributed by the Tiong Bahru Community Health Centre.

Tiong Bahru Community Health Centre (CHC) strives to bring about convenient health services to the community. It is helmed by a team of experienced nurses and allied healthcare professionals to support and complement GPs in their management of patients with chronic conditions.

Main services include Digital Diabetic Retinopathy Photography, Diabetic Foot Screening, Nurse Counselling and Education, as well as Dietetic Services.

http://www.healthxchange.com.sg/healthyliving/DietandNutrition/Pages/6-Good-Reasons-to-Eat-a-Banana-Today.aspx

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How a glass of wine before bed wreaks havoc with your sleep

11 December 2014

By MADLEN DAVIES FOR MAILONLINE

This post is on Healthwise

Alcohol disrupts body's internal timer and triggers insomnia

• Bedtime alcohol does initially induce sleep, but leads to poorer quality rest
• It interferes with sleep homeostasis - the body's internal sleep-regulator
• Over time, regular drinking can lead to withdrawal symptoms and insomnia
• Doctors concluded alcohol should not be used as a sleep aid

Many of us indulge in a tipple before bedtime to relax - or even help us sleep.

But doctors now warn a nightcap may not be such a good idea.

While glass of wine at night may help you drop off, the alcohol disrupts sleep and leads to a poorer night's rest, they say.

This is because drinking alcohol to fall asleep interferes with sleep homeostasis - the body's internal timer that regulates sleeping and waking.

Over time, regular drinking can even lead to withdrawal symptoms and insomnia, they found.

They concluded that alcohol should not be used as a sleep aid.

The team of doctors, from the University of Missouri School of Medicine, U.S., studied alcohol's effects on sleep for more than five years.

Dr Mahesh Thakkar, who led the research, said: 'The prevailing thought was that alcohol promotes sleep by changing a person's circadian rhythm - the body's built-in 24-hour clock.

'However, we discovered that alcohol actually promotes sleep by affecting a person's sleep homeostasis - the brain's built-in mechanism that regulates your sleepiness and wakefulness.'

Sleep homeostasis balances the body's need for sleep in relation to how long a person has already been awake.

If an individual loses sleep, the body produces adenosine, a naturally occurring substance that increases their need for sleep and causes them to drop off.

When a person goes to sleep early, sleep homeostasis is shifted and they may wake up in the middle of the night or early morning.

The researchers found that alcohol alters the sleep homeostatic mechanism and puts pressure on an individual to sleep.

When this happens, the sleep period is shifted, and a person may experience disrupted sleep and wake up earlier.

As alcohol is a diuretic, meaning it causes the body to expel water, it causes people to need to go to the bathroom, therefore waking up earlier in the morning.  

In addition to studying alcohol's impact on sleep homeostasis, the researchers explored how alcohol withdrawal affects sleep.

They found after extended periods of frequent drinking, subjects would fall asleep as expected, but would wake within a few hours and would be unable to fall back asleep.

When the subjects were not given alcohol, the researchers found they showed symptoms of insomnia.

'During acute alcohol withdrawal, subjects displayed a significant increase in wakefulness with a reduction in rapid eye movement and non-rapid eye movement sleep,' Dr Thakkar said.

'This caused insomnia-like symptoms and suggests an impaired sleep homeostasis.'

He added: 'If you are experiencing difficulty sleeping, don't use alcohol. Talk to your doctor or a sleep medicine physician to determine what factors are keeping you from sleeping.

'These factors can then be addressed with individualized treatments.'

The researchers hope to use these findings to explore other effects of alcohol consumption.

The study was published in the journal Alcohol.

CURE YOUR TIREDNESS: ENJOY HOT BATHS AND BANANAS FOR A GOOD NIGHT'S SLEEP 

Dr Sohere Roked, a leading holistic doctor who specialises in tiredness, shares her tips for a good night's kip... 

1. Nuts such as Brazil nuts and walnuts induce sleep due to being packed with protein, potassium and selenium and can help the body make melatonin, the natural sleep hormone.

2. Eat salad with your evening meal. Lettuce contains lactucarium, which has sedative properties and relaxes the brain.

3. Your body needs vitamin B6 to help make melatonin and serotonin. Foods rich in B6 are fish like tuna, halibut and salmon, as well as raw garlic and pistachio nuts.

4. Certain foods with a high glycaemic index, such as bread and pasta, can induce sleep. This is because after eating them you have a natural spike in your blood sugar and insulin levels, and after this spike you can feel tired.

5. Chamomile tea contains glycine, which relaxes nerves and muscles and can act as a mild sedative, reducing any anxiety.

6. Consider making 2pm your cut-off time for caffeinated drinks if you're having trouble sleeping.

7. Turn off your TV/computer/smartphone an hour before you go to bed - light from electrical appliances stimulates the brain.

8. Take at least 30 minutes to wind down before bed - listen to relaxing music and use the time to take stock of your day.

9. Take a hot bath. Sleep is normally preceded by a drop in body temperature. 

10. Warm, skimmed milk aids sleep, as do bananas. Both release natural chemicals to relax the body and help you fall asleep due to their calcium content. They also both contain tryptophan. 

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2870017/How-glass-wine-bed-wreaks-havoc-sleep-Alcohol-disrupts-body-s-internal-timer-triggers-insomnia.html



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BROCCOLI for lung damage and asthma sufferers

Healthwise

How eating BROCCOLI can help asthma sufferers - and cabbage and brussel sprouts could reverse lung damage

• . Researchers say eating steamed broccoli daily could treat asthma 
• . Broccoli contains sulforaphane which prevents respiratory inflammation
• . Asthma affects one in 10 Australians and numbers are rising
• . Cruciferous family vegetables such as kale can reduce and reverses lung damage

By RYAN LIPMAN

PUBLISHED: 14:50, 26 June 2014

We've all been told eating green vegetables is an important part of our diet and can boost general health and development, but the advice could have even better results than first thought.

Eating one or two cups of steamed broccoli every day could be a new treatment to help asthmatics, according to Melbourne researchers.

The finding due to sulforaphane naturally occurring in broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables, which may help protect against respiratory inflammation that can cause asthma.

'In Australia, asthma affects one in ten people and it's something that is on the rise,' said University of Melbourne honours student Nadia Mazarakis, who undertook research on the topic with supervisor Dr Tom Karagiannis.

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One or two cups of steamed broccoli every day could be a new treatment to help asthmatics, according to Melbourne researchers

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Sulforaphane occurs naturally in broccoli and other cruciferous vegetables and may help protect against respiratory inflammation that can cause asthma, which one in ten people in Australia

Broccoli is high in vitamin A and C, vitamin B-6 and contains iron, calcium and dietary fiber. Part of the cabbage family and is also believed to have anti-carcinogenic properties.

Laboratory testing by the university also revealed eating vegetables from the cruciferous family, including kale, cabbage, brussels sprouts, cauliflower and bok choy, reduces and even reverses lung damage.

'Our research could help those people in particular that are resistant to the current treatment options,' Dr Karagiannis said.

Ms Mazarakis said the research was still in the experimental phase and during an asthma attack or severe breathing issues normal medical advice must be followed.

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Superfood: Lab tests show Kale other vegetables from the cruciferous family may reduce and reverse lung damage when eaten

Kale has recently had a massive resurgence in popularity due to is 'superfood' qualities and high nutritional value.

Extremely rich in vitamin A and C, K and in calcium, iron and beta carotene, the high in fiber vegetable is also low in caloriesm has no fat and is also full of antioxidants.

http://www.dailymail.co.uk/health/article-2670667/How-eating-BROCCOLI-help-asthma-sufferers.html

See also:

1. MUST READ: This vegetable defeats cancer at the genetic level
2. MUST READ: This Vegetable Stalks Aging and Cancer Like a Guard Dog
3. Cabbage - A super alternative to brocolli
4. The secret to staying young is broccoli and cabbage.
5. The Remarkable Health Benefits of Broccoli, and How to Maximize Its Cancer-Fighting Potential
6. Your broccoli doesn’t have much nutritional value if you don’t do this
7. MUST READ: More Reasons to Eat Your Broccoli
8. 10 Health Benefits of Brocolli

Protect your heart with CoQ10 and vitamin B6: Research

Wednesday, May 29, 2013 by: David Gutierrez, staff writer

(NaturalNews) If you're looking for ways to improve the health of your heart, don't overlook the dramatic impact of two simple nutrients: vitamin B6 and CoQ10.

In a controlled study published in the journal Nutrition Research in October 2012, researchers from Chung Shan Medical University in Taiwan measured blood levels of vitamin B6 and CoQ10 in 89 healthy controls and 45 people with coronary artery disease (CAD, defined as at least 50 percent stenosis of one major coronary artery). The researchers found that participants with CAD had significantly lower levels of both chemicals than healthy participants.

In addition, people with a higher ratio of CoQ10 to total cholesterol also had significantly higher vitamin B6 levels, and people with higher levels of CoQ10 had a significantly lower risk of CAD even after adjusting for potential confounding factors.

It remains unclear whether low levels of B6 and CoQ10 are actually a cause of CAD, but researchers believe that boosting levels of the chemicals would help protect the heart regardless.

"Age is known to be an independent risk factor for CAD, and the patients suffering from CAD may experience losses of [CoQ10] because they are under higher oxidative stress due to aging and disease," the researchers wrote. "Therefore, it is beneficial to administer [CoQ10] to CAD patients to reduce oxidative stress and increase the activities of antioxidant enzymes."

Because the body uses vitamin B6 to synthesize CoQ10, vitamin supplements may also be helpful to people with CAD, the researchers said.

B6 and CoQ10 keep your body functioning

It's no surprise that low levels of vitamin B6 and CoQ10 might lead to health problems, since both are essential for the body's normal functioning.

Vitamin B6, which is found in foods such as meat, whole grains, nuts, bananas and vegetables, is an essential nutrient that plays a key role in amino acid and sugar metabolism. Yet according to 2008 study published in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, deficiency in this vitamin is widespread even among those who are taking supplements or who are exceeding dietary recommendations. Women who have taken oral contraceptives are at especially high risk.

Unlike vitamin B6, which must be ingested from food, CoQ10 (officially known as coenzyme Q10) can be synthesized in the body. CoQ10 helps produce energy for cells by assisting mitochondria in producing the cellular fuel source adenosine triphosphate (ATP).

Coenzymes are chemicals that assist the body's enzymes in carrying out processes such as digestion and organ maintenance.

CoQ10 has also been shown to provide other health benefits, including to those suffering from angina and high blood pressure. It appears to aid in cognitive health, and may help fight the effects of aging.

Although CoQ10 is made by the body, you can boost your levels by consuming CoQ10-rich foods including organ meats, beef, sardines, mackerel and soy oil. It is also marketed as a dietary supplements under names including Q10, vitamin Q10, ubiquinone and ubidecarenone.

Sources for this article include:

http://www.vitasearch.com/get-clp-summary/40500
http://www.naturalnews.com/040130_CoqQ0_blood_pressure_tomatoes.html
http://www.nutritionexpress.com
http://www.naturalnews.com

http://www.naturalnews.com/040528_heart_disease_prevention_CoQ10_vitamin_B6.html

Vitamin B6 To Improve Your Immunity

Newsletter #280

Lee Euler, Editor

 7 April 2013

This Vitamin Lowers Cancer Risk

By Nearly 50 Percent

 

That's right—a simple vitamin has been shown to provide a natural defense against cancers of the breast, colon and lung! It's remarkable that just one vitamin can do so much (imagine what you can achieve if you take them all!)

For maximum health, make sure you get plenty of vitamin B6, the HELPER vitamin! Your body uses B6 in a variety of important ways, including to:

• Help over 100 enzymes metabolize protein more efficiently
• Help skin cells regenerate quickly
• Prevent unwanted inflammation
• Process carbohydrates for energy
• Protect and strengthen your immune and nervous systems

Even more exciting are the numerous studies that suggest higher blood levels of B6 could also reduce your cancer risk by as much as 49 percent!

 

Results from one study published in the June 16, 2010 Journal of the American Medical Association compared 899 lung cancer patients with a group of 1,770 healthy comparison-group participants in the large European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.

 

After taking smoking habits into account, the researchers found that people with the highest vitamin B6 levels had a 56 percent reduction in lung cancer risk, compared to those with the lowest levels!

 

A group of researchers from the Harvard School of Public Health noted a similar association when examining the vitamin B6 levels of breast cancer patients.

 

There's more. Another study, published in the March 5, 2003 Journal of the National Cancer Institute, reported that higher blood plasma levels of folate and B6 appeared to reduce the risk of developing breast cancer.

 

Although scientists say evidence for the link between vitamin B6 and breast cancer is mixed—anything that might help reduce the estimated 40,000 breast cancer deaths each year in the U.S. is a very good thing!

A gift from God for colon health?

It has been said that death begins in the colon… and for good reason. Your colon's job is to change liquid waste into a solid form to be expelled from your body.

 

If anything disrupts this process—it can mean pounds of rotting waste will fester in your bowels. Talk about a breeding ground for diseases such as cancer!

 

But once again, nature has provided a potent cancer shield for your colon.

 

A study published in the Journal of the American Medical Association analyzed results of nine different studies focused on the relationship between vitamin B6 and colorectal cancer risk.

 

The researchers concentrated on the active form of the vitamin, which is called pyridoxal 5-phospate or P5P for short. Their goal was to see how P5P blood levels affected cancer risk.

 

The researchers concluded that for every 100 pmol/ml increase in P5P levels, the risk of getting colorectal cancer dropped an amazing 49 percent!

 

The study authors thought this may be tied to the role of B6 in DNA synthesis and repair. Their theory was that low P5P levels are more likely to allow cancer to form.

 

But one curious finding was that vitamin B6 intake didn't appear to have the same impact on colorectal cancer risk as P5P, the vitamin's active form. This could be due to the fact that people have differing abilities to convert B6 to P5P.

 

Supposedly, most people can digest and convert B6 just fine. It's pretty rare for someone to need pure P5P.

 

The authors of another study, published in the World Journal of Gastroenterology, wrote, "Published studies of plasma pyridoxal 5'-phosphate [P5P] levels consistently support an approximately 30%-50% reduction in risk of colorectal cancer comparing high with low concentrations." The authors note that studies of B6, on the other hand, don't always show such dramatic results. So it seems you'd need to take P5P to ensure the desired result.

So how do I know if I need more B6?

Vitamin B6 plays a critical role in cell formation. Because skin tissue regenerates quickly, it can be one of the first telltale signs of a B6 deficiency. In fact, skin disorders such as eczema and seborrhea have been linked to insufficient B6 in the diet.

 

Because it also plays a critical role in protecting your nervous system—a severe B6 deficiency could also produce convulsions and seizures.

 

A vitamin B6 deficiency could also impact red blood cell formation. This could lead to symptoms of anemia, malaise, and fatigue.

 

If you're interested in boosting your vitamin B6 intake, there are plenty of food sources to explore. Some excellent choices include:

• Asparagus
• Bell peppers
• Cabbage
• Cauliflower
• Garlic
• Salmon
• Shiitake mushrooms
• Spinach
• Summer squash
• Turkey
• Turnip greens

Remember, your body has to be effective at digesting and converting the B6 into P5P for optimal colon health.

 

If you don't want to leave this to chance, you can purchase P5P supplements—despite recent attempts by the company Medicure Pharma to manipulate the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) into snatching this natural coenzyme off the market!

 

As you can imagine, the drug company wants the FDA to ban sales of the P5P nutrient so they can chemically alter it and sell it as a drug! Why go natural when you can have a heaping helping of chemicals coursing through your veins?

 

Nevertheless, a quick Internet search will show you their efforts to eliminate P5P natural supplements haven't been successful.

 

In any case, bulking up on healthy foods rich in vitamin B6 may be an important first step in building your defenses against cancer.

 

What's more, you'll enjoy a colorful and great-tasting meal to boot!

References:

• Anderson, H. 2011. Breast cancer and vitamins B6 and B12. Livestrong.com Retrieved from http://www.livestrong.com/article/479759-breast-cancer-and-vitamins-b6-b12/
• Doheny, K. 2010. Vitamin B6 linked to lower lung cancer risk. WebMD article available online at http://www.webmd.com/lung-cancer/news/ 20100615/vitamin-b6-linked-lower-lung-cancer-risk

• Johansson, M. et alia, 2010. Serum B Vitamin Levels and Risk of Lung Cancer, Journal of the American Medical Association, June 16, 2010; vol 303: pp 2377-2385.
• Zhang, SM et al. 2003. Plasma folate, vitamin B-6, vitamin B-12, homocysteine, and risk of breast cancer. Journal of the National Cancer Institute. Abstract available online at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/12618502
• Sahelian, R. 2012. Pyridoxal-5-Phosphate website entry available at http://www.raysahelian.com/pyridoxal5phophatep5p.html
• Zhang, XH et al. 2013. Vitamin B6 and colorectal cancer: Current evidence and future directions. World Journal of Gastroenterology. 2013 Feb 21;19(7):1005-10. doi: 10.3748/wjg.v19.i7.1005. Abstract available online at http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/23467420
• Larsson SC, Orsini N, Wolk A. Vitamin B6 and Risk of Colorectal CancerA Meta-analysis of Prospective Studies. JAMA. 2010;303(11):1077-1083. doi:10.1001/jama.2010.263. Abstract retrieved from http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/20233826

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